水葫芦肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆及序列分析

利用植物肌动蛋白保守片段设计简并引物,通过RT-PCR 扩增出水葫芦肌动蛋白基因片段并连接到 pMD19-T 载体,转化E. coli,测序。序列分析结果表明,该序列与油棕、小“果蕉等植物的相似性程度达到85%以上, 分子进化分析水葫芦肌动蛋白基因序列与油棕、小“果蕉等单子叶植物亲缘关系较近,但并没有与某些植物的肌动 蛋白很好地聚成一类。本研究所克隆得到的水葫芦肌动蛋白基因序列能够为进一步研究水葫芦其他基因的表达提 供内标。     

关于土的黏聚力和内摩擦角值的领悟和理解

在岩土工程设计中,抗剪强度参数c、φ值是必不可少的两个指标,比如在边坡支护及稳定性分析、基坑支护,甚至在分析黏性土的承载力特征值时都可以用来作为一个重要的参考指标。本文认为内摩擦角φ的正切值（tgφ）等效于物理学中的摩擦系数μ。基于此,浅谈一下对c、φ值的理解。     

一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折的髓内针逆向插入法联合钢丝内固定术治疗

通过对一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折进行内固定术,详细介绍了髓内针逆向插法联合钢丝进行内固定术的手术要点,为同行进行犬胫骨斜骨折内固定术治疗提供参考。     

民用建筑的防雷保护

民用建筑防雷工程是一个系统工程,其防雷设计必须有整体观念,应根据其重要性、实用性、发生雷电事故的可能性及后果,因地制宜地采取防雷措施。主要从外部防雷和内部防雷两方面对民用建筑防雷进行阐述,以期为民用建筑安全防雷提供参考。     

Comparative digestibility of low‐quality grass hay by two breeds of cattle differing in mature live weight

The digestive capacity of the Portuguese native breed of Barrosão cattle and the Holstein–Friesian breed was measured when fed meadow hay (72–74 g CP and 641–671 g NDF/kg dry matter), offered either alone or supplemented with soya bean meal (150 g/kg dry matter), at maintenance level. Four mature cows of each breed were used. Average initial live weight (LW) was 457 and 635 kg for the Barrosão and the Holstein–Friesian cows respectively. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the meadow hay was higher in Holstein–Friesian than in Barrosão cows (p < 0.08) whether supplemented or not. The neutral detergent fibre digestibility of the hay was also higher in Holstein–Frisian when the hay was fed alone (p < 0.08). The soya bean meal supplementation increased the OMD and the NDFD digestibility of the total diet (p < 0.05), but not the OMD digestibility of the hay (p > 0.05). The results obtained in this study suggest a higher ability to digest fibre in the large dairy breed than in the small native breed. This suggestion is also supported by previous findings with sheep breeds largely differing in mature live weight.     

Nucleotide sequence and mRNA expression analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-actin gene in the orange-spotted grouper <Emphasis Type="Italic">Epinephelus coioides</Emphasis>

The full-length cDNA, encoding the orange-spotted grouper β-actin and spanning 1920 bp including a poly (A) tail, was cloned from its brain cDNA library. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 375 amino acids. Sequence analysis indicated that it contained the typical structural features of cytoplasmic actins, and showed higher homology with other vertebrate β-actin than any other members of the actin family. The partial genomic sequence indicated that the organization of the β-actin gene in the orange-spotted grouper might also be conserved. Northern blot analysis indicated that it was expressed at high levels in the brain, spleen, adipose tissue, ovary, and liver, but at low levels in the gill filament and heart, and at a very low level in the kidney. The expression of β-actin gene in the skeletal muscle was barely detectable. These results indicated that the expression of the orange-spotted grouper β-actin gene showed significant variation in different tissues. Therefore, caution should be taken when using β-actin gene as an internal control in the normalization of gene expression among tissues. Whereas, semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that treatment with 17α–methyltestosterone (MT) had little effect on the mRNA expression of β-actin gene in the in vitro incubated hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary fragments of the orange-spotted grouper, suggesting β-actin can be used as an internal control for RT-PCR analysis of MT effects on gene expression in these tissues.     

Molecular typing of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from fish

The genetic variability among Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from fish was characterized using single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the intergenic spacer region (ISR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. A total of 46 S. agalactiae cultures isolated from different fish species and geographic origins as well as related reference strains were included in the study. ISR-SSCP divided the S. agalactiae isolates analysed into five distinct genotypes. Genotype 1 grouped all Kuwait isolates while genotype 4 clustered the majority of non-Kuwait isolates (USA, Brazil and Honduras). AFLP analysis offered a higher resolution level by dividing the isolates into 13 different genotypes. Two different AFLP profiles were identified within the Kuwait isolates. When data from both ISR-SSCP and AFLP were combined through a multidimensional analysis (MDS), a good correlation between geographical origin and genotypes was observed. Both AFLP and ISR-SSCP revealed genetic differences between S. agalactiae isolates from fish. While AFLP offered a higher resolution, ISR-SSCP also provided valid information being a simpler and faster method.     

科学事业单位内控制度探究

随着社会的进步和发展,在科学事业单位实施内部控制已成为必然趋势。该文从内部控制的概念出发,通过对内部控制在我国的发展、科学事业单位的情况、对内部控制的常见误区等3个方面的背景分析,引出科学事业单位内部控制在具体实施中存在的5点问题,并结合具体情况提出相应的对策建议。     

内部审计职业判断在建设工程审计中的应用研究

内部审计职业判断在工程审计领域的实践研究有助于降低工程审计风险,实现工程审计目标.本文深入分析内部审计职业判断在建设工程审计中的应用,并从主体因素、客体因素、环境因素三方面提出了内部工程审计合理判断的实现路径.     

会计内控制度在我国企业的应用和改进

随着科技、经济的不断发展,企业中存在的会计内控制度面临了许多新的挑战和机遇。从会计内控制度在企业中的应用作为出发点,详细分析在企业会计内控制度中存在的问题,并提出适当的改进措施。